Learn how to use the reflexive pronoun to understand announcements
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Eric: Hi everyone, and welcome back to BulgarianPod101.com. This is Intermediate Season 1 Lesson 9 - Is Your Bulgarian Flight Delayed? Eric here. |
| Tina: Здравейте. I'm Tina. |
| Eric: In this lesson, you’ll learn how to use reflexive verbs with announcements. The conversation takes place at the airport. |
| Tina: It's between Rositsa and Andrey. |
| Eric: The speakers are friends, so they’ll use informal Bulgarian together, but the announcement will be formal. Okay, let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| Росица: (announcement) Уважаеми пътници с полет BA111 до Варна. Поради внезапно влошена метеорологична обстановка летището в гр. Варна е временно затворено. Силен ураганен вятър прави невъзможно осъществяването на полети от и към летището. До два часа се очаква обстановката да се нормализира. Предварително се извиняваме за създаденото неудобство. Полет ВА 111 ще бъде подготвен за излитане при първа възможност. Благодарим за разбирането! |
| Андрей: Роси, здравей, ти си на смяна днес! |
| Росица: Здравей, Андрей! |
| Андрей: Какво става? Аз летя към Варна за конференция. |
| Росица: Заради внезапен силен вятър са затворили временно летището. |
| Андрей: Много неприятно. Трябва днес да съм там. Имам важна презентация по-късно следобед. |
| Росица: Не се притеснявай. Колегите казват, че всичко ще отмине до 2 часа и ще отворят отново летището. |
| Андрей: Дано. За всеки случай ще предупредя, че още съм в София. |
| Росица: Надявам се да пристигнеш навреме и презентацията да мине гладко. |
| Андрей: Ще кажа. Да се видим следващата седмица? |
| Росица: Ще се радвам. Обади се, когато се върнеш от Варна. |
| Eric: Listen to the conversation with the English translation. |
| Rositsa: (Announcement) Dear passengers on flight number VA111 to Varna. Due to suddenly worsened weather conditions, Varna Airport has been temporarily closed. Strong hurricane winds make flights to and from the airport impossible. It is expected that the weather will be back to normal within two hours. We apologize in advance for the inconvenience. Flight VA111 will be prepared for take off at the first opportunity. We thank you for your understanding. |
| Andrey: Rossi, hi, you’re working today! |
| Rositsa: Hello Andrey! |
| Andrey: What’s happening? I’m flying to Varna for a conference. |
| Rositsa: Because of a sudden strong wind, the airport’s been temporarily closed. |
| Andrey: That's bad... I have to be there today. I have an important presentation later this afternoon. |
| Rositsa: Don’t worry. My colleagues say that everything will be over in 2 hours and they’ll reopen the airport. |
| Andrey: I hope so. In any case, I’ll send word that I’m still in Sofia. |
| Rositsa: I hope you’ll arrive on time and the presentation will go smoothly. |
| Andrey: I’ll let you know. Let's go out next week? |
| Rositsa: I’ll be happy to. Call me when you come back from Varna. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Eric: Tina, what’s flying like in Bulgaria? Is there a national airline company? |
| Tina: Yes, there is, and it was established in 1968. Because the country was under the Communist regime at that time, the company was fully state owned. |
| Eric: What are the main routes? |
| Tina: There used to be direct flights between Sofia and seven other major cities in the country during the Communist era, and flying within the country was expensive but still possible. Since 1989 the inland flights have been mostly discontinued and now there are only flights connecting the capital city with the seaside Bourgas and Varna. |
| Eric: Are there any low-cost airlines? |
| Tina: Wizzair was the first low-cost carrier to enter the Bulgarian market in 2006. Flying to different parts of Europe became affordable for a lot of Bulgarians. |
| Eric: Where are the main airports? |
| Tina: Currently there are four airports that operate international passenger flights and they’re located in Sofia, Varna, Bourgas, and Plovdiv. |
| Eric: Can you teach us a useful expression related to this topic? |
| Tina: гражданска авиация или военновъздушни сили |
| Eric: which means "civil aviation” or “air force." Okay, now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Eric: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is.. |
| Tina: внезапен [natural native speed] |
| Eric: sudden, immediate |
| Tina: внезапен[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Tina: внезапен [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Tina: обстановка [natural native speed] |
| Eric: setting, situation, environment |
| Tina: обстановка[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Tina: обстановка [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Tina: временен [natural native speed] |
| Eric: temporary |
| Tina: временен[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Tina: временен [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Tina: невъзможен [natural native speed] |
| Eric: impossible |
| Tina: невъзможен[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Tina: невъзможен [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Tina: нормализирам се [natural native speed] |
| Eric: to return to normal, get back to normal |
| Tina: нормализирам се[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Tina: нормализирам се [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Tina: създавам [natural native speed] |
| Eric: to create, to cause |
| Tina: създавам[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Tina: създавам [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Tina: подготвям [natural native speed] |
| Eric: to prepare |
| Tina: подготвям[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Tina: подготвям [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Tina: важен, важна [natural native speed] |
| Eric: important |
| Tina: важен, важна[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Tina: важен, важна [natural native speed] |
| Eric: And last.. |
| Tina: виждам се с [natural native speed] |
| Eric: to go out with, to see someone |
| Tina: виждам се с[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Tina: виждам се с [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Eric: Let's have a closer look at some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first phrase is.. |
| Tina: метеорологична обстановка |
| Eric: meaning "weather conditions." |
| Tina: метеорологичен is an adjective and means "weather" or anything related to the weather; обстановка literally means "setting,” or “environment." |
| Eric: This phrase is usually used when talking about the weather in a formal context such as on TV or radio news. |
| Tina: As it’s a more formal expression, it goes together with verbs such as влошавам се meaning "to get worse," and подобрявам се meaning “to get better, to improve.” |
| Eric: Can you give us an example using this phrase? |
| Tina: Sure. For example, you can say.. След невижданото заледяване, метеорологичната обстановка в по-голямата част от страната остава силно влошена. |
| Eric: ..which means "After the unprecedented icing, the weather conditions in a significant part of the country are hazardous." |
| Tina: As the expression is quite complicated and formal, the most commonly used word to indicate the weather conditions is времето, "the weather." |
| Eric: Okay, what's the next phrase? |
| Tina: създавам проблеми |
| Eric: meaning "to cause trouble, to create problems." |
| Tina: създавам literally means "to create, to cause," and проблеми is the plural form of проблем, meaning "problem, issue, situation." |
| Eric: This phrase is used most often in informal situations, but it’s acceptable in more formal conversations as well. It can be applied to people as well as to machines or technology. |
| Tina: In a more formal context, проблеми would be replaced by затруднения, the plural form of затруднение, "difficulty." The verb създавам could be also replaced by предизвиквам meaning "to cause." |
| Eric: Can you give us an example using the first phrase? |
| Tina: Sure. For example, you can say.. Малкото дете създава проблеми на родителите си през цялото пътуване. |
| Eric: .. which means "The small child created problems for the parents the whole trip." Okay, now onto the lesson focus. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Eric: In this lesson, you'll learn how to use reflexive verbs with announcements. |
| Tina: When making announcements, Bulgarians tend to use a neutral form of expression in the passive voice. A lot of the verbs in announcements are reflexive. |
| Eric: And in this lesson we’ll focus on the reflexive verbs. |
| Tina: As we mentioned in lesson 3, reflexive pronouns are related to the use of reflexive verbs, when the result of the action reflects back on the subject. |
| Eric: Just a quick reminder, listeners – the personal reflexive pronouns have short and full forms in accusative and dative. |
| Tina: Yes, for example, let’s consider the accusative. We can have both себе си or just се. When applied to reflexive verbs, only short personal reflexive pronoun forms are used. |
| Eric: Generally, every verb indicating an action performed by the subject and which can reflect back to the subject has a reflexive form. When translated into English, usually the meaning of the reflexive verb is closer to the non-reflexive verb. |
| Tina: Sometimes the non-reflexive form might be obsolete. |
| Eric: Let’s compare some sentences using the reflexive and non-reflexive forms. |
| Tina: Харесвам тази рокля. |
| Eric: “I like this dress.” This sentence uses the non-reflexive form of the verb meaning “to like.” |
| Tina: Без значение какво мислиш, аз се харесвам така. |
| Eric: “Regardless of what you think, I like myself this way.” This sentence uses the reflexive form in the accusative. |
| Tina: Има такова разнообразие от дрехи. Трабвя да си харесаш нещо този път. |
| Eric: “There is such a variety of clothing. You should like something (for yourself) this time.” This sentence uses the reflexive form in dative. It is sometimes difficult to understand the difference between the use of the short possessive reflexive pronoun and the reflexive verb, but there are some slight nuances. Could you give us some examples? |
| Tina: For example, this sentence, which uses a non-reflexive verb, Той забрави ръкавиците |
| Eric: meaning “He forgot the gloves.” |
| Tina: ...can be said in slightly different ways, adding the short possessive reflexive pronoun си, Той забрави ръкавиците си. |
| Eric: which means“He forgot his gloves.” |
| Tina: Here’s the version with the reflexive form, Той си забрави ръкавиците. |
| Eric: literally translated, this means ”He forgot (for himself) his gloves.” |
| Tina: Той съвсем се забрави uses the reflexive form in the accusative of the verb забравям се, which means “to forget oneself, to behave improperly.” |
| Eric: ”He totally forgot himself.” Now, let’s see the alternative sentence order of the reflexive verbs. |
| Tina: As we already mentioned in Lesson 3, the reflexive part of the verb changes place according to the type of sentence. |
| Eric: As with other verbs, when using reflexive verbs, we can almost always omit the subject of the sentence as long as the conjugated verb form gives a clear indication about the person and number. Tina, can you give us some examples? |
| Tina: Поръча ли си вече? |
| Eric: “Have you ordered already?” |
| Tina: In this case Ти was omitted. |
| Tina: Тя дали си поръча? |
| Eric: “Did she order for herself?” |
| Tina: Кога ще ѝ се извиниш? |
| Eric: “When are you going to apologize to her?” |
| Eric: Let’s wrap up this lesson with a couple of sample sentences that might be heard in announcements. |
| Tina: Поради ремонт на магистралата колите се движат много бавно. |
| Eric: "Due to repair work on the highway, the cars are moving very slowly." |
| Tina: Слънцето се скрива зад луната по време на слънчево затъмнение. |
| Eric: "The sun disappears behind the moon during the eclipse." |
Outro |
| Eric: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye! |
| Tina: До скоро! |
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