Learn how to use the future tense to make plans
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Eric: Hi everyone, and welcome back to BulgarianPod101.com. This is Intermediate Season 1 Lesson 17 - Making an Appointment in Bulgarian Eric Here. |
| Tina: Здравейте. I'm Tina. |
| Eric: In this lesson, you’ll learn how to use the future tense when making plans. The conversation takes place over the phone. |
| Tina: It's between Gergana and Andrey. |
| Eric: The speakers are friends, and they will use both formal and informal Bulgarian. Okay, let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| Гергана: Добър ден! Кабинетът на д-р Господинов ли е? |
| Андрей: Да, кажете. С какво мога да Ви помогна? |
| Гергана: А, Андро, здравей, Гери е на телефона. |
| Андрей: А, здрасти, Гери! Какво става? |
| Гергана: Здрасти! Паднах преди няколко дни, ударих си главата. Нищо сериозно, но от ден-два нещо ме наболява един зъб. Иска ми се го видиш. |
| Андрей: Ууу, неприятно. Разбира се, че ще те видя. Кога ще ти е удобно? |
| Гергана: Ами, при първа възможност, ако не ти е много запълнен графика. |
| Андрей: Е, за теб винаги ще намеря време. Мога утре сутрин в 11 ч. |
| Гергана: Ами, тогава имам една важна среща. Как си по-късно? |
| Андрей: Всички часове са пълни. Но мога да остана след работа. |
| Гергана: Не ми се иска да те притеснявам, но ако е възможно, ще го оценя. |
| Андрей: Няма никакъв проблем. Ще те очаквам тогава утре, по всяко време след 6 ч. вечерта. |
| Eric: Listen to the conversation with the English translation |
| Gergana: Good day! Is it Dr. Gospodinov's office. |
| Andrey: Yes, it is. How can I help you? |
| Gergana: Oh, Andro, hello. It is Gerry on the phone. |
| Andrey: Hello, Gerry, What's up? |
| Gergana: Hi! Well, some days ago I tripped over, and hit my head. Nothing serious, but in the last day or two, a tooth started to hurt. I want you to take a look. |
| Andrey: Wow, that's not good. Of course, I will see you. When would it be convenient for you? |
| Gergana: Well, as soon as possible, if your schedule is not too full. |
| Andrey: For you, I will always find some time. I have some time free tomorrow at 10.30 am. |
| Gergana: Well, I have an important meeting then. How about a bit later? |
| Andrey: I am totally booked. But I can stay after work. |
| Gergana: I do not want to bother you, but if possible, I will appreciate it. |
| Andrey: No problem at all. I will expect you tomorrow then, any time after 6 pm. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Eric: Tina, could you tell us something about health insurance in Bulgaria? |
| Tina: The main healthcare insurance in Bulgaria is provided by the National Health Insurance Fund. Every person who lives in the country for longer than three months needs to join the national health insurance system. For people staying for less than three months, the only option is to use the health insurance services of international insurers, or their home healthcare system if it covers medical risks abroad. |
| Eric: So how does it work normally for a Bulgarian? |
| Tina: If they want to use the benefits of the national system, Bulgarians need to choose a personal physician, a General Practitioner. If they have any kind of medical complaint, they visit their GP first and then might get redirected to a specialist doctor or go to a medical institution. |
| Eric: How about the costs? |
| Tina: Every time they visit a doctor, people need to pay an additional small fee themselves. Most of the medication is not subsidised by the state, with the only exception being chronic diseases. |
| Eric: What does the national health insurance system cover? |
| Tina: The national health insurance covers most of the costs related to medical exams or hospital stays and interventions. There is also the option for an additional personal healthcare insurance. |
| Eric: What’s the Bulgarian for “compulsory health insurance”? |
| Tina: задължително здравно осигуряване |
| Eric: Okay, now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Eric: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is.. |
| Tina: ставам [natural native speed] |
| Eric: to happen, to become |
| Tina: ставам[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Tina: ставам [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Tina: сериозен [natural native speed] |
| Eric: serious |
| Tina: сериозен[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Tina: сериозен [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Tina: наболявам [natural native speed] |
| Eric: to hurt slightly |
| Tina: наболявам[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Tina: наболявам [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Tina: неприятен [natural native speed] |
| Eric: unpleasant |
| Tina: неприятен[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Tina: неприятен [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Tina: удобен [natural native speed] |
| Eric: comfortable, convenient |
| Tina: удобен[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Tina: удобен [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Tina: възможност [natural native speed] |
| Eric: possibility |
| Tina: възможност[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Tina: възможност [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Tina: по-късно [natural native speed] |
| Eric: later |
| Tina: по-късно[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Tina: по-късно [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Tina: запълнен [natural native speed] |
| Eric: filled up |
| Tina: запълнен[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Tina: запълнен [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Tina: притеснявам [natural native speed] |
| Eric: to bother |
| Tina: притеснявам[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Tina: притеснявам [natural native speed] |
| Eric: And last.. |
| Tina: оценявам [natural native speed] |
| Eric: to appreciate, to mark, to evaluate |
| Tina: оценявам[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Tina: оценявам [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Eric: Let's have a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first phrase is.. |
| Tina: притеснявам някого |
| Eric: meaning "to bother someone" |
| Tina: притеснявам is a transitive imperfective verb that means "to embarrass,” “to make uneasy,” or “to trouble", and its transitive pair is притесня. някого means “someone,” and is used just to indicate that the verb requires an object to be added, and it is usually a person. |
| Eric: You can use this phrase in both formal and informal contexts and generally expresses the concern of the speaker that they might create trouble. Can you give us an example using this phrase, Tina? |
| Tina: Sure. For example, you can say.. Слушам музика тихо и не притеснявам никого. |
| Eric: ..which means "I am listening to music with a low volume and I am not bothering anyone." |
| Tina: The same verb, but used with the reflexive particle ce, as in притеснявам се, means "to worry (oneself)". If the speaker feels troubled by something, then they would say притеснява ме, "it bothers me", where ме is the personal pronoun in the accusative. |
| Eric: Okay, what's the next phrase? |
| Tina: при първа възможност |
| Eric: meaning "as soon as possible" |
| Tina: при is a preposition with different meanings such as "at”, “near,” “to,” “with,” първа is the ordinal number one in feminine form, and възможност is a noun in feminine meaning "opportunity,” or “possibility". |
| Eric: Thus the phrase literally means "at first opportunity". It is used more often in a business and more formal context, but it would sound ok used among friends, to indicate real urgency. |
| Eric: Can you give us an example using this phrase? |
| Tina: Sure. For example, you can say.. Тя обеща да погледне договора при първа възможност. |
| Eric: .. which means "She promised to take a look at the contract as soon as possible." Okay, now onto the lesson focus. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Eric: In this lesson, you'll learn how to use the future tense when making plans. When making plans or fixing an appointment, we usually talk about something that is going to happen, an action that will take place in the future. |
| Tina: Out of the nine tenses in Bulgarian, there are two pairs of future tenses. |
| Eric: One pair is related to the real future: future tense and future perfect tense, and the other one is related to future events in the past: past future tense and past future perfect tense. In this lesson, we will focus on the real future tenses. |
| Tina: Future tense is used to express any action that will happen in the future. For example: Аз ще знам means “I will know”. This is simple to build up, as only the particle ще is added before the present form of the verb, and that gives you the future tense. |
| Eric: The simple future tense has two negative forms, but as one of them is used quite rarely, we will focus only on the second one. |
| Tina: The second one is formed using the present form of the verb нямам meaning “to not have” which is няма да plus the present form of the verb. For example, Няма да забравиш, нали? |
| Eric: meaning “You will not forget, right?”. Now let’s take a look at the future perfect tense. |
| Tina: The future perfect tense is used to express an action that will happen before an event in the future. |
| Eric: Can you give us an example? |
| Tina: Напомни ми, защото сигурно ще съм забравил. |
| Eric: This means “Remind me, for I will have surely forgotten.” Ok, now let’s see how to build the future tense. |
| Tina: Building the form of the simple future tense is quite simple and follows the rule we explained before for all verbs, no matter whether they are perfective or imperfective: ще plus the respective conjugation form in Present simple for positive form of the verb, and няма да followed by the respective conjugation form in Present simple for negative form of the verb. |
| Eric: What about the verb “to be”? |
| Tina: The verb съм meaning “to be” has two future forms - ще съм and бъда, Both forms are equally used in the future tense. People prefer, though, to use the бъда form when referring to a future state, while the future tense form of the verb съм is more often used in the future perfect tense. |
| Eric: Now let’s take a look at how to form the future perfect tense, which is a little bit more complicated. |
| Tina: The future perfect tense form is made up of the future simple tense form of the verb съм “to be” followed by the past active aorist participle of the main verb. |
| Eric: Just to remind our listeners, the past active aorist participle agrees in number and gender with the subject, so there will be three different forms in singular depending on the gender of the subject. Let’s consider the verb “to fall asleep” in both the affirmative and the negative form for the first person singular. |
| Tina: The affirmative forms are ще съм заспал, ще съм заспала, ще e заспало, while the negative ones are няма да съм заспал, няма да съм заспала, няма да e заспало |
| Eric: Now, let’s see how to practically use both of these future tenses |
| Tina: Аз ще започвам, пък ти ще се присъединиш, когато дойдеш. |
| Eric: “I will be starting and you will join when you arrive.” |
| Tina: Децата ще са заспали, преди да се прибереш. |
| Eric: “The children will have fallen asleep by the time you come back.” |
| Tina: Не бързай, ще те изчакам. |
| Eric: "Don't hurry, I will wait for you." |
Outro |
| Eric: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye! |
| Tina: До скоро! |
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