Learn how to ask whether something or someone is okay and whether someone can do something
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Intro |
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| Jonathan: Hello and welcome to the Absolute Beginner series at BulgarianPod101.com. This is season 1, lesson 12, A Bulgarian Feast. I’m Jonathan. |
| Iva: Hello. And I’m Iva! |
| Jonathan: In this lesson you'll learn how to ask if it is okay to do something, or if someone is able to do something. |
| Iva: This conversation takes place at Peter’s house. |
| Jonathan: The conversation is between Martin, Irina and Peter; Martin and Irina have been invited to dinner at Peter’s house |
| Iva: As you know, the speakers know each other so their speech is informal. |
| Jonathan: OK, let’s listen to the conversation. |
Lesson conversation |
| Мартин: Това какво е? |
| Питър: Това е кюфте. |
| Ирина: Кюфте..? |
| Питър: Да. Направено е от месо. |
| : Ядете ли месо? |
| Ирина: Да! (munch, munch) Ммм, вкусно! |
| Jonathan: Now let’s hear the conversation one time slowly. (slow speed, broken down by syllable) |
| Мартин: Това какво е? |
| Питър: Това е кюфте. |
| Ирина: Кюфте..? |
| Питър: Да. Направено е от месо. |
| : Ядете ли месо? |
| Ирина: Да! (munch, munch) Ммм, вкусно! |
| Jonathan: And Now with the English translation. |
| Iva: Мартин: Това какво е? |
| Martin: What's this? |
| Питър: Това е кюфте. |
| Peter: That's kyufte (meatball). |
| Ирина: Кюфте..? |
| Irina: Kyufte...? |
| Питър: Да. Направено е от месо. Ядете ли месо? |
| Peter: Yes. It's (made of) meat. Do you eat meat? |
| Ирина: Да! (munch, munch) Ммм, вкусно! |
| Irina: Yes! (munch munch) Mmm, it's tasty! |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Jonathan: In this lesson, we’ll continue with our exploration of Bulgarian food culture... |
| Iva: Bulgarians do eat a lot of meat but also have traditional periods of fasting connected with the Orthodox Christian tradition. |
| Jonathan: Oh, do they last for a long time? |
| Iva: The fasts mainly happen a few weeks before Easter and Christmas. |
| Jonathan: And does everyone observe that fast? |
| Iva: No – nowadays mainly women, the elderly, and people in the countryside preserve that tradition and make non-meat and non-animal-derived dishes. |
| Jonathan: Hmm...I don’t think I could do it! |
| Iva: Although it might sound difficult, the Bulgarian “fasting” dishes are plentiful, delicious and amazingly filling. |
| Jonathan: Oh, really? Hmm... |
| Iva: If you keep the tradition it will be very healthy, especially because once the fast is over, you will find many meat dishes, like roast lamb or pork, homemade sausages and salami being served. |
| Jonathan: Mmm... tell us more about it! |
| Iva: On a Bulgarian menu you will find many kinds of meat, but the main one is pork, followed by beef. Lamb is eaten at Easter, again in connection with the tradition of Christianity which sees Christ as a “Lamb of God”. |
| Jonathan: That sounds really good! Thanks for the info! Okay, now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Jonathan: Now let’s take a look at the vocabulary in this lesson. The first word we shall see is... |
| Iva: кюфте |
| Jonathan: meatball |
| Iva: кюфте (slow, broken down by syllable) |
| Iva: кюфте |
| Iva: месо |
| Jonathan: meat |
| Iva: месо (slow, broken down by syllable) |
| Iva: месо |
| Iva: правя |
| Jonathan: to do, to make |
| Iva: правя (slow, broken down by syllable) |
| Iva: правя |
| Iva: ям |
| Jonathan: to eat |
| Iva: ям (slow, broken down by syllable) |
| Iva: ям |
| Iva: направено |
| Jonathan: made (of deleted) |
| Iva: направено (slow, broken down by syllable) |
| Iva: направено |
| Iva: от |
| Jonathan: from, of |
| Iva: от (slow, broken down by syllable) |
| Iva: от |
| Iva: е |
| Jonathan: from, of |
| Iva: (he; she; it) is (slow, broken down by syllable) |
| Iva: е |
| Last is |
| Iva: Ммм! |
| Jonathan: Mmm! |
| Iva: Ммм! (slow, broken down by syllable) |
| Iva: Ммм! |
| KEY VOCABULARY AND PHRASES |
| Jonathan: Let’s take a closer look at some of the words and phrases from this lesson. What are we starting with? |
| Iva: First is “Направено от”… |
| Jonathan: “Made of…” |
| Iva: Generally, the form of the participle is in the neutral, but if the target word is feminine or masculine it changes to “направена” and “направен”. |
| Jonathan: Give us examples please. |
| Iva: “Хартията е направена от дърво.” |
| Jonathan: “The paper is made of wood.” |
| Iva: “направена” because “paper” in Bulgarian is feminine. |
| Jonathan: OK. And the masculine? |
| Iva: “Омлетът е направен от яйца”. |
| Jonathan: “The omelet is made of eggs”. |
| Iva: Although in this case it is more natural to say “Омлетът е направен с яйца”. |
| Jonathan: “The omelet is made with eggs.” |
| Iva: Our next phrase is “Ядете ли (…)?” |
| Jonathan: It is the most common way to ask for a food preference, and translates to “Do you eat (blank)?” |
| Iva: You just add the type of food or ingredient in this set phrase. |
| Jonathan: Note that this is the formal version. |
| Iva: The informal one is “Ядеш ли (…)?” |
| Jonathan: Can you say them both? Listeners, listen and repeat after Iva. |
| Iva: Formal version - “Ядете ли (…)?”[pause] Informal version - “Ядеш ли (…)?”, [pause] |
| Jonathan: We are always talking about food here! |
| Iva: Yes, and we will continue it with the word “Кюфте”. |
| Jonathan: “Meatball”. |
| Iva: Along with “kebapche”, it is a very popular meat product in Bulgaria made with minced pork and veal meat with spices. |
| Jonathan: Anything special about these words? |
| Iva: Both words are of Turkish origin, like many other Bulgarian words for food. |
| Jonathan: Can you use the phrase about “do you eat” with them? |
| Iva: Sure! Do you eat meatballs? “Ядеш ли кюфте?”, Do you eat kebapche? “Ядеш ли кебапче?” |
| Jonathan: I feel like having some already! |
| Iva: Let’s go to the grammar point first. |
Lesson focus |
| Jonathan: The focus of this lesson is asking if something is okay or if someone is able to do something. |
| Iva: In Bulgarian, we say “~те ли?” |
| Jonathan: "(do) you do ~?" |
| Iva: Note that in this particular form this is a formal expression because of the plural form of the verb. |
| Jonathan: We know that it is in the plural when it ends in “те”. |
| Iva: Exactly. |
| Jonathan: Ok, give us some examples. |
| Iva: “Имате ли обедна почивка?” |
| Jonathan: "Do you have lunch break?" Listeners, repeat after Iva. |
| Iva: “Имате ли обедна почивка?” [pause |
| Jonathan: And if the situation is informal and you ask a friend? |
| Iva: “Имаш ли обедна почивка?” |
| Jonathan: So the verb in second person singular ends in “-ш”. |
| Iva: Yes, like in this example – “Караш ли колело?” |
| Jonathan: "Do you ride a bike?” And another one? |
| Iva: “Играеш ли на шах?” |
| Jonathan: "Do you play chess?" OK, I got it. This phrase is used to express someone’s abilities. |
| Iva: Or just a temporary condition. Like “Имате ли дребни?” |
| Jonathan: "Do you have change?" This is something you’ll hear a lot in English. |
| Iva: In Bulgarian too. You will always ask the cashier about this. |
| Jonathan: So could you repeat it for our listeners? |
| Iva: “Имате ли дребни?” |
| Jonathan: How about an example of more habitual usage of the phrase? |
| Iva: “Ядеш ли ягоди със сметана?” |
| Jonathan: In English it is “Do you eat strawberries with cream?” Here we are again, talking about food! |
| Iva: (laughs) OK, how about this example then, “Обичаш ли да говориш за храна?” |
| Jonathan: “Do you like talking about food?” Hmm, my answer is yes, but not when I am hungry. |
| Iva: Do you know how to say, “I am hungry?” |
| Jonathan: Tell us, please. |
| Iva: “Гладен съм” or “Гладна съм”for the masculine and feminine respectively. |
| Jonathan: Ok, I think that’s enough examples for this lesson. |
| Iva: And I think we might be hungry. |
| Jonathan: Anyways, listeners, make sure you check the notes for more examples... |
| Iva: ...because practice makes perfect. |
| Jonathan: And we will see you for the next lesson. |
| Iva: Bye! |
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